Literature Study on Bilingual Education in Enhancing English Literacy of Elementary School Students
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis efektivitas pembelajaran bilingual dalam meningkatkan literasi Bahasa Inggris siswa sekolah dasar, khususnya kemampuan membaca dan menulis permulaan. Metode yang digunakan adalah Systematic Literature Review (SLR) berbasis PRISMA dengan menganalisis 20 artikel terpilih dari sekitar 50 studi yang dipublikasikan pada tahun 2020–2025. Artikel dipilih berdasarkan kriteria inklusi, yaitu penelitian pada jenjang sekolah dasar, berfokus pada literasi Bahasa Inggris, dan berasal dari jurnal peer-reviewed. Analisis data dilakukan melalui analisis tematik untuk mengidentifikasi pola utama seperti perkembangan kosakata, pemahaman membaca, kesadaran metalinguistik, serta strategi translanguaging dan scaffolding. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran bilingual secara signifikan meningkatkan kosakata, pemahaman teks, dan kesadaran metalinguistik melalui transfer bahasa dari bahasa pertama ke bahasa kedua. Penggunaan bahasa pertama sebagai penopang membantu siswa memahami konsep secara bertahap, sementara media visual dan aktivitas interaktif meningkatkan keterlibatan belajar. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada sintesis sistematis yang secara khusus menyoroti literasi serta merumuskan kerangka konseptual hubungan antara translanguaging, scaffolding, dan perkembangan literasi. Implikasi penelitian ini adalah perlunya penerapan pembelajaran bilingual yang terstruktur, penggunaan bahasa pertama secara strategis, serta integrasi media interaktif dan strategi bertahap menuju penggunaan penuh Bahasa Inggris di kelas.
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References
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